The Distribution of Colorectal Surgeons in the United States

Surgical resection is a mainstay of colorectal cancer treatment, and prior studies have shown improved outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer by colorectal surgical specialists compared with nonspecialized surgeons. Here, we examine the geographic distribution of colorectal surgeons in the United States and its relationship with sociodemographic characteristics of the served population.

The Area Health Resource File from 2017 to 2018 was used to identify the number and location of colorectal surgeons practicing throughout the United States and sociodemographic characteristics at the county and hospital referral region (HRR) level. The main outcomes of interest were the density of colorectal surgeons per 100,000 population and associations with sociodemographic characteristics at the county and HRR level based on multivariable linear regression.

In multivariable analysis, regions with higher proportion of nonwhite individuals and college-educated individuals had significantly more colorectal surgeons per 100,000 population, whereas regions with higher proportions of uninsured individuals had significantly fewer colorectal surgeons per 100,000 population at both the county and HRR levels.

Geographic and sociodemographic variability exists in the distribution of colorectal surgeons in the United States. Such variability may be contributing to disparities in access to specialized colorectal care.