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A spatial correlation model for broadband surface noise.

Chao Ren1, Yiwang Huang1

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This study analyzes ocean surface noise correlations in stratified environments. Increasing bandwidth reduces noise correlation fluctuations, aiding acoustic signal processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Ocean acoustics
  • Wave propagation
  • Signal processing

Background:

  • Understanding spatial correlations of ocean surface noise is crucial for acoustic sensing.
  • Previous models often simplified noise source distributions and spectral characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive and analyze the spatial correlation function for broadband ocean surface noise in horizontally stratified media.
  • To investigate the impact of bandwidth on the spatial-temporal correlation coefficient of surface noise.

Main Methods:

  • Formulating the spatial correlation function as an integral over single-source sound field correlations.
  • Assuming uniform, uncorrelated noise sources of equal intensity on the sea surface.
  • Deriving an equation for the spatial-temporal correlation coefficient within a specific frequency band.

Main Results:

  • The spatial correlation function is expressed through an integral of single-source field correlations.
  • Numerical simulations were performed for band-limited white noise and wind noise.
  • Results demonstrate that increasing the bandwidth leads to a decrease in the fluctuation of the correlation coefficient.

Conclusions:

  • The derived model accurately represents broadband ocean surface noise correlations.
  • Bandwidth is a key factor influencing the spatial-temporal coherence of ocean noise.
  • Findings have implications for improving acoustic detection and localization in marine environments.