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X-ray Imaging

X-ray Imaging

German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 27, 2025

$Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples$

Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples

Published on: June 19, 2018

Talbot-Lau interferometry-based x-ray imaging system with retractable and rotatable gratings for nondestructive

N Morimoto¹, K Kimura¹, T Shirai¹

¹Radiation Technology Unit, Technology Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, 3-9-4 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, 619-0237 Kyoto, Japan.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|March 2, 2020

Summary

This study introduces an advanced X-ray imaging system for versatile material characterization. The system effectively visualizes microcracks and fiber orientations in carbon fiber reinforced plastics using dark-field imaging.

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Last Updated: Dec 27, 2025

$Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples$

Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples

Published on: June 19, 2018

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Published on: October 11, 2016

Dynamic Pore-scale Reservoir-condition Imaging of Reaction in Carbonates Using Synchrotron Fast Tomography

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Published on: February 21, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Physics
Engineering

Background:

Advanced materials like carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) require detailed microstructural analysis.
Conventional X-ray imaging may lack the sensitivity to reveal subtle defects such as microcracks.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize a versatile X-ray imaging system capable of both phase contrast and high-magnification conventional imaging.
To investigate the microstructural characterization of CFRP laminates using the developed system.

Main Methods:

Development of an X-ray imaging system utilizing Talbot-Lau interferometry.
Incorporation of a mechanical structure for grating manipulation, enabling dual imaging modes.
Application of the system for visualizing microcracks and fiber orientations in CFRP.

Main Results:

The system successfully performed X-ray phase contrast imaging and high-magnification microcomputed tomography (μCT).
Dark-field images clearly visualized microcracks and fiber orientations within CFRP laminates.
A correlation was established between CFRP microstructures and the contrast observed in dark-field images when compared to μCT data.

Conclusions:

The developed X-ray imaging system offers a powerful tool for non-destructive characterization of composite materials.
Talbot-Lau interferometry, particularly dark-field imaging, provides valuable insights into CFRP microstructural features.
The system's dual functionality enhances its applicability across various scientific and industrial imaging needs.