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Serial prolactin sampling as a confirmatory test for true hyperprolactinemia.

Carla Francés1, Evangelina Boix2, Maria Teresa Fajardo3

  • 1Endocrinology and Nutrition, Internal Medicine Department, University General Hospital of Elche, Elche, Spain.

Endocrinologia, Diabetes Y Nutricion
|March 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Serial prolactin sampling effectively identifies stress-induced elevations, preventing misdiagnosis of hyperprolactinemia. This method helps avoid unnecessary tests and treatments for many patients.

Keywords:
CannulatedCanuladaCurva de prolactinaHiperprolactinemiaHyperprolactinemiaProlactin serial samplingReposoRest

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Hyperprolactinemia, caused by physiological or pathological factors, can lead to hypogonadism, infertility, and galactorrhea.
  • Stress can artifactually elevate prolactin levels, complicating diagnosis.
  • Serial prolactin sampling after brachial vein cannulation was investigated to address this diagnostic challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of serial prolactin sampling in diagnosing hyperprolactinemia.
  • To determine if stress-induced prolactin elevation is a significant factor in initial elevated readings.
  • To reduce unnecessary diagnostic procedures and treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-six patients with initially elevated random prolactin levels were enrolled.
  • Prolactin levels were measured at baseline and after a 30-minute rest period following brachial vein cannulation.

Main Results:

  • Serial sampling did not confirm hyperprolactinemia in 68.2% of patients.
  • No significant difference in referral prolactin levels was observed between confirmed and non-confirmed cases.
  • A high percentage of patients (86.4%) were discharged after serial sampling, indicating the frequent occurrence of artefactual elevations.

Conclusions:

  • Prolactin serial sampling is a valuable tool for identifying artefactual hyperprolactinemia.
  • This method can help avoid unnecessary investigations and treatments.
  • It improves diagnostic accuracy by accounting for stress-induced prolactin level variations.