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Dual-process contributions to creativity in jazz improvisations: An SPM-EEG study.

David S Rosen1, Yongtaek Oh1, Brian Erickson1

  • 1Creativity Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Drexel University, USA.

Neuroimage
|March 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-quality musical improvisation involves relaxed executive control, favoring associative processes. Experience shapes creativity by balancing executive and associative functions, with superior production linked to right-hemisphere activity.

Keywords:
CreativityEEGExpertiseJazz improvisationSPMSurface laplacian

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Music Cognition

Background:

  • Creativity theories conflict: some link it to executive control (Type-2), others to relaxed executive control and associative processes (Type-1).
  • Musical improvisation offers a real-time test case, as high-quality performance should not be dominated by slow executive processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural correlates of creative musical improvisation.
  • To distinguish between Type-1 and Type-2 process theories of creativity using jazz improvisation.
  • To examine the influence of experience on the neural basis of creative performance quality.

Main Methods:

  • 32 jazz guitarists improvised to novel chord sequences while 64-channel EEGs were recorded.
  • Improvisations were rated for creativity, technical proficiency, and aesthetic appeal by jazz experts.
  • Surface-Laplacian transformed EEGs were analyzed using SPM12 to identify significant brain activity patterns.

Main Results:

  • Higher-quality improvisations showed increased high-frequency (beta and gamma band) activity, predominantly in the posterior left hemisphere.
  • Lower-quality improvisations were associated with right temporo-parietal and fronto-polar activity.
  • After controlling for experience, performance quality correlated with right-hemisphere, particularly right-frontal, activity, suggesting hypofrontality.

Conclusions:

  • Superior creative production in improvisation is associated with hypofrontality and right-hemisphere engagement.
  • Experience modulates the balance between executive and associative processes in creative tasks.
  • The neuroanatomy of creativity depends on whether product quality or cognitive processes are emphasized.