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Meningococcal B Vaccine to Prevent <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> Infection.

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Australian Gonococcal Surveillance Programme Annual Report, 2018.

Monica M Lahra1, Rodney P Enriquez2, C R Robert George2

  • 1The National Neisseria Network, Australia; Neisseria Reference Laboratory and World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for STD, Sydney; New South Wales Health Pathology, Microbiology, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW Australia;School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, 2053 Australia.

Communicable Diseases Intelligence (2018)
|March 3, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is monitored by the Australian Gonococcal Surveillance Programme. In 2018, decreased ceftriaxone susceptibility was 1.73%, and azithromycin resistance was 6.2%, with two extensively drug-resistant isolates reported.

Keywords:
Neisseria gonorrhoeaeantimicrobial resistancedisease surveillancegonococcal infection

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The Australian Gonococcal Surveillance Programme (AGSP) has tracked antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae since 1981.
  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a significant cause of sexually transmitted infections globally.
  • Antimicrobial resistance in N. gonorrhoeae poses a major public health threat, complicating treatment and increasing transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report on the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Neisseria gonorrhoeae clinical isolates in Australia for 2018.
  • To monitor trends in resistance to key antibiotics, including ceftriaxone, azithromycin, penicillin, and ciprofloxacin.
  • To identify and report extensively drug-resistant isolates of international significance.

Main Methods:

  • Standardised antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 9,006 clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae collected nationwide.
  • Data collected from public and private sector sources across all Australian states and territories.
  • Analysis of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for ceftriaxone, azithromycin, penicillin, and ciprofloxacin.

Main Results:

  • Nationally, 1.73% of isolates showed decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone (MIC ≥0.06 mg/L), with higher rates in Tasmania (7.3%).
  • Azithromycin resistance (MIC ≥1.0 mg/L) was observed in 6.2% of isolates, with the highest proportions in the Australian Capital Territory (8.7%), Victoria (8.3%), and New South Wales (6.5%).
  • Two extensively drug-resistant isolates with high-level resistance to azithromycin and resistance to ceftriaxone, penicillin, and ciprofloxacin were identified and reported.

Conclusions:

  • Continued surveillance is crucial for monitoring antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Australia.
  • The emergence of extensively drug-resistant isolates highlights the urgent need for effective treatment strategies and infection control.
  • While azithromycin resistance decreased slightly from 2017, sustained monitoring and public health interventions remain essential.