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Phase Angle Reflects Loss of Functionality in Older Women
D C D Bittencourt1, M E M Schieferdecker, D S Macedo
1Estela Iraci Rabito. Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraná. Lothário Meissner, Avenue, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Zip Code: 80060-000. Fone number: +554133604008.
The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging
|March 3, 2020
Summary
Bioimpedance phase angle (PA) is linked to physical function in older women. Higher PA correlates with better gait speed and hand grip strength, suggesting its utility in assessing functionality.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Physiology
Background:
- Assessing physical functionality in older adults is crucial for maintaining independence and quality of life.
- Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive method to assess body composition.
- Phase angle (PA), derived from BIA, may reflect cellular integrity and overall health status.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if the phase angle (PA) measured by bioimpedance analysis (BIA) can serve as an indicator of physical functionality in elderly women.
- To investigate the relationship between PA and key functional parameters such as gait speed and hand grip strength.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 152 community-dwelling women aged 65 years and older.
- Measurements included weight, height, BMI, calf circumference, hand grip strength (HGS), gait speed (GS), fat-free mass (FFM), body fat (BF), and PA derived from BIA (resistance (R) and reactance (Xc)).
- Statistical analyses included Spearman's and Pearson's correlations and odds ratio (OR) calculations.
Main Results:
- Sixty-four percent of participants had a PA below the reference value.
- A significant moderate negative correlation was found between PA and age (r = -0.440, p<0.001).
- Significant moderate correlation was observed between PA and gait speed (r = 0.484, p<0.001), and weak correlation with hand grip strength (r = 0.177, p = 0.029).
- Individuals with higher PA had 4.77 times greater odds of increased gait speed.
- Younger women had 4.02 times greater odds of having a higher PA.
Conclusions:
- Phase angle derived from bioimpedance analysis is associated with physical functional tests in older women.
- PA shows a significant relationship with gait speed and hand grip strength, indicating its potential as a functional assessment tool in this population.
- The findings suggest that PA could be a valuable, non-invasive marker for evaluating physical capacity in elderly women.
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