Olfactory EEG Signal Classification Using a Trapezoid Difference-Based Electrode Sequence Hashing Approach

Olfactory-induced electroencephalogram (EEG) signal classification is of great significance in a variety of fields, such as disorder treatment, neuroscience research, multimedia applications and brain-computer interface. In this paper, a trapezoid difference-based electrode sequence hashing method is proposed for olfactory EEG signal classification. First, an $$-layer trapezoid feature set whose size ratio of the top, bottom and height is 1:2:1 is constructed for each frequency band of each EEG sample. This construction is based on $$ optimized power-spectral-density features extracted from $$ real electrodes and $$ nonreal electrode's features. Subsequently, the $$ real electrodes' sequence (ES) codes of each layer of the constructed trapezoid feature set are obtained by arranging the feature values in ascending order. Finally, the nearest neighbor classification is used to find a class whose ES codes are the most similar to those of the testing sample. Thirteen-class olfactory EEG signals collected from 11 subjects are used to compare the classification performance of the proposed method with six traditional classification methods. The comparison shows that the proposed method gives average accuracy of 94.3%, Cohen's kappa value of 0.94, precision of 95.0%, and F1-measure of 94.6%, which are higher than those of the existing methods.