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A Chronic High-Intensity Interval Training and Diet-Induced Obesity Model to Maximize Exercise Effort and Induce Physiologic Changes in Rats
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Enhanced Go and NoGo Learning in Individuals With Obesity.

Jana Kube1,2,3, Kathleen Wiencke1,2, Sandra Hahn1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
|March 3, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with obesity did not show impaired learning of new behaviors influenced by reward cues. Instead, they demonstrated enhanced learning and a higher learning rate in a Pavlovian-instrumental task.

Keywords:
Pavlovianinstrumentalobesityprediction errorreinforcement learning

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Overeating in obesity may stem from automatic responses to food cues overriding dietary goals.
  • Individuals with obesity show altered processing of rewarding stimuli and potential impacts on goal-directed actions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if Pavlovian cues corrupt new approach or withdrawal learning in individuals with obesity.
  • To compare instrumental learning performance between normal-weight and obese individuals.

Main Methods:

  • A probabilistic Pavlovian-instrumental learning paradigm was used.
  • Participants (29 normal-weight, 29 obese) learned Go (respond) or NoGo (withhold) actions for rewards/losses.
  • A computational reinforcement learning model analyzed learning rates.

Main Results:

  • Participants learned Go actions for rewards and NoGo actions for punishments more effectively.
  • No evidence of stronger corruption of instrumental learning in individuals with obesity.
  • Obese individuals showed better overall learning and an increased learning rate compared to normal-weight individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity is not universally associated with impaired reinforcement learning.
  • Individuals with obesity may exhibit better action-value learning, contrasting with previous findings on stimulus-value learning.
  • Further research is needed on behavioral adaptation in obesity across diverse tasks and learning types.