Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Schemas

Schemas

A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.

Self-Schemas

Self-Schemas

In general, a schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.

Storage

Storage

A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze...

Strategies of Self-Presentation I: Strategic Self-Presentation

Strategies of Self-Presentation I: Strategic Self-Presentation

Strategic self-presentation refers to individuals' intentional efforts to influence how others perceive them. This process is employed in various social and professional settings, such as job interviews, dating, politics, and legal contexts, where individuals seek to shape impressions to gain social or material advantages. While people generally present themselves in ways that align with their authentic characteristics, external factors, such as cognitive load, can hinder their ability to...

Schemata

Schemata

A schema is a mental construct that organizes related concepts, allowing the brain to process information efficiently. Upon activation, schemata facilitate assumptions about people or objects.
Two types of schemata are:

State Space Representation

State Space Representation

The frequency-domain technique, commonly used in analyzing and designing feedback control systems, is effective for linear, time-invariant systems. However, it falls short when dealing with nonlinear, time-varying, and multiple-input multiple-output systems. The time-domain or state-space approach addresses these limitations by utilizing state variables to construct simultaneous, first-order differential equations, known as state equations, for an nth-order system.
Consider an RLC circuit, a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Brain sources composing irregular field potentials have unique temporal signatures.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2025

Same author

Minimal Neural Network Conditions for Encoding Future Interactions.

International journal of neural systems·2025

Same author

Spatial prediction of dynamic interactions in rats.

PloS one·2025

Same author

Spray-induced gene silencing to control plant pathogenic fungi: A step-by-step guide.

Journal of integrative plant biology·2025

Same author

Cast from the Past? Microbial Diversity of a Neolithic Stone Circle.

Microorganisms·2024

Same author

Metabolic Rate of Goldfish (<i>Carassius auratus</i>) in the Face of Common Aquaculture Challenges.

Biology·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 27, 2025

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

Semantic Knowledge Representation for Strategic Interactions in Dynamic Situations.

Carlos Calvo Tapia¹, José Antonio Villacorta-Atienza², Sergio Díez-Hermano²

¹Facultad de CC. Matemáticas, Instituto de Matemática Interdisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Frontiers in Neurorobotics

|March 3, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We introduce time compaction, a novel concept for understanding how brains process action semantics in dynamic situations. This method models cognitive strategies for anticipating consequences, validated in virtual reality and robotics.

Keywords:

cognitive maps dynamical systems manipulation of objects neural networks semantic description

More Related Videos

Evidence-based Knowledge Synthesis and Hypothesis Validation: Navigating Biomedical Knowledge Bases via Explainable AI and Agentic Systems

Evidence-based Knowledge Synthesis and Hypothesis Validation: Navigating Biomedical Knowledge Bases via Explainable AI and Agentic Systems

Published on: June 13, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 27, 2025

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

Evidence-based Knowledge Synthesis and Hypothesis Validation: Navigating Biomedical Knowledge Bases via Explainable AI and Agentic Systems

Evidence-based Knowledge Synthesis and Hypothesis Validation: Navigating Biomedical Knowledge Bases via Explainable AI and Agentic Systems

Published on: June 13, 2025

Area of Science:

Cognitive Science
Neuroscience
Robotics

Background:

Anticipating action consequences in dynamic environments is crucial for evolved beings.
The brain mechanisms for semantic processing of actions remain poorly understood.
Current models struggle to represent complex, time-varying situations.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and explain the concept of time compaction for representing semantic knowledge of actions.
To model cognitive strategies for decision-making in dynamic, multilevel situations.
To validate the time compaction approach in simulated and real-world scenarios.

Main Methods:

Developed a novel concept termed 'time compaction' to represent semantic knowledge.
Modeled a fencing scenario to analyze attack and defense strategies.
Structured action semantics (lethality, versatility, imminence) as spatial maps.
Validated the model using virtual reality and a humanoid robot.

Main Results:

Time compaction provides a natural framework for representing semantic knowledge of actions.
The spatial map effectively represents dynamic fencing situations.
The model enables fast and reliable deployment of diverse cognitive strategies.
Successful validation in both virtual reality and with a physical humanoid robot.

Conclusions:

Time compaction offers a promising approach to understanding semantic processing in dynamic environments.
This framework can bridge the gap between abstract cognitive concepts and their neural implementation.
The validated model has implications for artificial intelligence and cognitive robotics.