Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 27, 2025

Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios
Published on: August 4, 2023
Representing life: A natural philosophical project
1The Living Systems Project, Dept. of Electronics and Informatics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
Abstract:
We address multi-levelled organization as a vital aspect of any characterization of Nature, and propose that a model-hierarchical description is fitting for a Natural Philosophical point of view. An important aspect is that the different organizational levels in a model hierarchy are partially isolated and autonomous, partially communicating across the entire scale assembly. Of particular interest are the complex interfaces between levels, and the manner in which these may be transited by a generic form of quantum error correction. An entire hierarchy decomposes into two partial hierarchies, one of the model levels, one of the complex interfaces. These are both approximately modelled, both internally and externally, as a duality of hyperscales, which ultimately integrate to give a singular metascalar identity: the duality we propose is not that of Descartes, but is a natural outcome of multi-levelled modelling. We note that a Natural Philosophical view of Nature must include a sense of meaning, related to Aristotle's fourth cause, and that this makes a clear difference from conventional Scientific practice. Life can be well represented by this hierarchical snapshot of its structure, although a more comprehensive view must invoke the characteristics of living, and not just life per se.
Related Concept Videos
Requirements for Human Life
Oxygen
Atmospheric air is only about 20 percent oxygen, but that oxygen is a key component of the chemical reactions that keep the body alive, including the reactions that produce ATP. Brain cells are susceptible to a lack of oxygen because they require a...
Natural and Artificial Concepts
Structuralism
Titchener's approach to structuralism was unique. He...
Cognitivism
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
Characteristics of Life
Personal Identity

