ARNS: Adaptive Relay-Node Selection Method for Message Broadcasting in the Internet of Vehicles

Area of Science:

• Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)
• Wireless Communication Systems
• Network Performance Optimization

Background:

• Existing relay-node selection methods are limited to specific road structures, hindering their real-world applicability.
• Complex scenarios often involve multiple road structures within a sender's communication range.
• Efficient message broadcasting is crucial for VANET applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose an adaptive relay-node selection (ARNS) method for message broadcasting in complex road scenarios.
• To improve the performance of relay-node selection by considering diverse road structures and obstacle distributions.
• To enhance broadcast efficiency, reduce delay, and increase packet delivery ratio in realistic VANET environments.

Main Methods:

• Developed an adaptive relay-node selection (ARNS) method utilizing exponential partitioning.
• Improved relay-node selection for curved roads by redefining optimal positions considering obstacle distribution.
• Proposed a criterion for classifying road structures based on broadcast characteristics.

Main Results:

• ARNS reduced end-to-end broadcast delay by at least 13.8% compared to beacon-based methods and 14.0% compared to 3P3B-based methods.
• Broadcast coverage increased by 3.6-7% in curved road scenarios, with improved performance due to obstacle consideration.
• ARNS demonstrated a higher and more stable packet delivery ratio (PDR) than existing methods.

Conclusions:

• The proposed ARNS method effectively handles complex road structures for message broadcasting in VANETs.
• ARNS offers significant improvements in broadcast delay, coverage, and packet delivery ratio.
• The adaptive mechanism allows ARNS to outperform existing relay-node selection strategies in realistic scenarios.