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    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Astronomy
    • Optical Engineering

    Background:

    • Astronomical intensity interferometry aims to detect faint photon-bunching signals from distant sources across broad optical bandwidths.
    • Existing non-astronomical intensity interferometry setups often operate with narrower bandwidths and lower photon rates.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To build and evaluate a laboratory intensity interferometer capable of operating with a broad optical bandwidth (1nm FWHM) and high photon rates (up to 10MHz).
    • To simulate starlight using a green light-emitting diode (LED) as a compact, high-power source of stochastic light with a small emission area, favoring spatial coherence.

    Main Methods:

    • Construction of a Hanbury Brown-Twiss-like laboratory intensity interferometer.
    • Utilizing single-photon correlations to measure the second-order correlation function.
    • Employing a green LED as a simulated starlight source.

    Main Results:

    • Detection of a photon bunching signal with a coherence time of less than 1 picosecond and an amplitude below 4 x 10-4.
    • Quantitative description of signal and background noise over a 40-hour measurement period.
    • Comparison of experimental correlation measurements with theoretical predictions.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed laboratory intensity interferometer successfully detects photon bunching signals under broad bandwidth and high photon rate conditions.
    • The green LED serves as an effective source for simulating starlight in intensity interferometry experiments.
    • The study provides a quantitative analysis of signal and background, validating the experimental setup against theoretical models.