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    Area of Science:

    • * Remote Sensing
    • * Signal Processing
    • * Electromagnetics

    Background:

    • * Traditional 2-D MIMO-SAR requires numerous array elements.
    • * Existing imaging algorithms face challenges with efficiency and interpolation complexity.
    • * 3-D MIMO-SAR imaging is crucial for detailed target reconstruction.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • * To propose a high-efficiency and high-precision frequency-wavenumber decoupling algorithm for 3-D MIMO-SAR imaging.
    • * To reduce the number of array elements required in MIMO-SAR systems.
    • * To achieve accurate 3-D image reconstruction without multi-dimensional interpolation.

    Main Methods:

    • * Developed a 1-D MIMO array combined with synthetic aperture scan.
    • * Utilized multi-dimensional Fourier transforming and Method of Stationary Phase (MSP).
    • * Applied Taylor series expansion for range compression via Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and a decoupling factor for range-cross-range coupling compensation.

    Main Results:

    • * The algorithm achieves high-precision 3-D imaging comparable to the back projection (BP) algorithm.
    • * Demonstrated high efficiency similar to the range migration algorithm (RMA).
    • * Successfully reconstructed 3-D images of various targets using a 0.1 THz bistatic prototype system.

    Conclusions:

    • * The proposed frequency-wavenumber decoupling algorithm effectively addresses 3-D MIMO-SAR imaging challenges.
    • * It offers a balance of high precision and computational efficiency.
    • * Validated through simulations and experiments, proving its effectiveness for 3-D MIMO-SAR applications.