Shorter Telomere Length in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes Is Associated with Post-Traumatic Chronic Osteomyelitis

This study investigated the association between post-traumatic chronic osteomyelitis (COM) and peripheral leukocyte telomere length (PLTL) and explored factors associated with PLTL in COM. A total of 56 patients with post-traumatic COM of the extremity and 62 healthy control subjects were recruited. The PLTL was measured by real-time PCR. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors in correlation with telomere length. Sex, age, white blood cell (WBC) count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and infection duration were included as independent variables in the logistic regression model. Post-traumatic COM patients had significantly shorter PLTLs (5.39 ± 0.40) than healthy control subjects (5.69 ± 0.46; p < 0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that PLTL had a statistically significant association with age (B = -0.072; p = 0.013) and CRP (B = -0.061; p = 0.033). The logistic regression model was statistically significant and explained 31.4% (Nagelkerke R²) of the change in telomere length and correctly classified 69.6% of the cases. Patients with post-traumatic COM have shorter PLTLs than healthy subjects. The PLTL erosion of post-traumatic COM was partially explained by age and CRP.