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Evolution of etiology, presentation, management and prognostic tool in hepatocellular carcinoma

Shu-Yein Ho1,2, Po-Hong Liu2,3, Chia-Yang Hsu2,4

  • 1Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Scientific Reports
|March 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) trends show declining viral causes and increased early-stage diagnoses. Improved detection and curative treatments have led to better patient survival rates over 12 years.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology and Oncology
  • Cancer Epidemiology
  • Clinical Trial Analysis

Background:

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant global health challenge, with its evolving characteristics requiring continuous investigation.
  • Understanding trends in HCC etiology, presentation, and management is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the changes in the causes, clinical presentation, treatment strategies, and prognostic tools for Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over a 12-year period.
  • To assess the impact of these changes on patient survival and identify accurate staging systems.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 3349 newly diagnosed Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.
  • Comparison of survival rates using Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test across three distinct time periods (2004-2007, 2008-2011, 2012-2015).

Main Results:

  • A significant decline in Hepatitis B and C virus as causes of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was observed.
  • Increased detection rates of single tumors and a decrease in vascular invasion at diagnosis.
  • Higher proportion of patients diagnosed at an early stage, leading to increased rates of curative treatment and improved long-term survival.
  • The Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) and Taipei Integrated Scoring (TIS) systems demonstrated higher accuracy in staging.

Conclusions:

  • The clinical landscape of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has transformed, with a notable decrease in viral etiologies and a rise in early-stage diagnoses.
  • Enhanced early detection strategies and increased access to curative therapies have significantly improved patient survival in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  • Accurate staging systems like CLIP and TIS are vital for effective Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) management.

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