Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

10.9K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
10.9K
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

23.5K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
23.5K
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

21.4K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...
21.4K
Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature02:54

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

25.8K
In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
25.8K
Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

18.5K
For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
18.5K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

30.1K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
30.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Design of a site selective heterochromic bimetallic lanthanide coiled coil with nanometre-scale control.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

P450 Electron transfer: Towards in vitro NAD(P)H-independent biocatalysis.

Journal of inorganic biochemistry·2025
Same author

Metallo-coiled Coil Stabilization via Chemical Cross-Linking: Implications for Gd(III)-Based MRI Contrast Agents.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same author

Quantifying the Biodegradation of Water-Soluble Polymer Mixtures with Diffusion NMR Spectroscopy.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2025
Same author

Solution-processable polymer membranes with hydrophilic subnanometre pores for sustainable lithium extraction.

Nature water·2025
Same author

Electrode-Mediated Photochemical Disproportionation of a Polypyridylruthenium(II) Chromophore.

Inorganic chemistry·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 27, 2025

MRM Microcoil Performance Calibration and Usage Demonstrated on Medicago truncatula Roots at 22 T
10:22

MRM Microcoil Performance Calibration and Usage Demonstrated on Medicago truncatula Roots at 22 T

Published on: January 16, 2021

5.8K

Tuning coordination chemistry through the second sphere in designed metallocoiled coils.

Louise N Slope1, Michael G Hill1, Catherine F Smith1

  • 1School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK. a.f.a.peacock@bham.ac.uk.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|March 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers precisely controlled metal hydration in coiled coils by altering terminal residues. This tuning offers potential for significant changes in MRI relaxivity for lanthanide applications.

More Related Videos

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR
14:44

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR

Published on: December 16, 2013

10.0K
Synthesis of a Water-soluble Metal–Organic Complex Array
06:40

Synthesis of a Water-soluble Metal–Organic Complex Array

Published on: October 8, 2016

11.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 27, 2025

MRM Microcoil Performance Calibration and Usage Demonstrated on Medicago truncatula Roots at 22 T
10:22

MRM Microcoil Performance Calibration and Usage Demonstrated on Medicago truncatula Roots at 22 T

Published on: January 16, 2021

5.8K
Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR
14:44

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR

Published on: December 16, 2013

10.0K
Synthesis of a Water-soluble Metal–Organic Complex Array
06:40

Synthesis of a Water-soluble Metal–Organic Complex Array

Published on: October 8, 2016

11.9K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Metal hydration state influences the properties of metalloproteins and designed metal-binding sites.
  • Coiled coils are stable protein structures amenable to designing specific metal-binding environments.
  • Controlling metal hydration is crucial for applications such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the systematic tuning of metal hydration states within designed coiled coil structures.
  • To explore the impact of second sphere terminal residues on metal aqua ligand numbers.
  • To assess the potential of this tuning for enhancing MRI contrast agents.

Main Methods:

  • Design and synthesis of coiled coil peptides with varied terminal residues.
  • Spectroscopic techniques (e.g., NMR, UV-Vis) to determine metal hydration states.
  • Measurement of MRI relaxivity for lanthanide-containing coiled coils.

Main Results:

  • Progressive tuning of metal hydration (3 to 0 aqua ligands) was achieved by modifying second sphere terminal residues.
  • Tryptophan (Trp) was identified as an effective terminal residue for tuning hydration.
  • A four-fold change in MRI relaxivity was observed in lanthanide-modified coiled coils.

Conclusions:

  • The metal hydration state in designed coiled coils is highly tunable via second sphere interactions.
  • This precise control offers a pathway to optimize lanthanide-based MRI contrast agents.
  • The findings have implications for developing advanced metallodrugs and imaging probes.