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Technical Note: The development of a multi-physics simulation tool to estimate the background dose by systemic

T Xu1, T Liu1, G Li1

  • 1Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON, K0J 1J0, Canada.

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|March 5, 2020
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Summary

Accurate targeted alpha therapy (TAT) dosimetry requires modeling radionuclide transport. This study developed a multi-physics model showing that uniform distribution assumptions significantly alter absorbed dose calculations in preclinical studies.

Keywords:
Monte Carlo (MC)alpha-immuno-conjugate (AIC)computational fluid dynamics (CFD)targeted alpha therapy (TAT)

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Radiopharmaceutical Dosimetry
  • Computational Modeling

Background:

  • Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) relies on precise dosimetry for predicting biological effects.
  • Radionuclide distribution in vivo is complex, influenced by circulation and decay, leading to non-uniform sources.
  • Current dosimetry often assumes homogeneous and static emitter distributions, which may not reflect reality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a multi-physics model for predicting biological effects of TAT in preclinical studies.
  • To account for the dynamic and non-uniform distribution of radionuclides due to transport phenomena.
  • To provide an alternative to direct measurement of micro-level emitter distributions.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-physics model integrating Monte Carlo microdosimetry and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was developed.
  • The CFD model simulates radionuclide transport (convection and diffusion) within biological systems.
  • The dose model evaluates time-dependent absorbed doses to target tissues.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully handles complex, non-uniform irradiation sources in vasculature.
  • Simulations revealed that conventional homogeneous distribution assumptions can lead to significant over or underestimation of absorbed doses.
  • The impact of radionuclide transport on dosimetry was quantified across various scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • Modeling in vivo radionuclide transport enhances the accuracy of TAT dose estimates.
  • This approach represents a foundational step towards a comprehensive simulation toolkit for TAT.
  • Future applications include predicting absorbed doses to tumors and normal tissues, and biological responses.