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Biological Versus Chronological Aging: JACC Focus Seminar
Magda R Hamczyk1, Rosa M Nevado2, Ana Barettino2
1Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/HamczykMagda.
Insights
Aging accelerates vascular disease, a leading cause of death. This review explores biological age biomarkers and interventions to prevent age-related vascular damage and improve health span.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology and Vascular Biology
- Biomarkers of Aging
- Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
Background:
- Aging is the primary risk factor for vascular diseases, cardiovascular events, and cerebrovascular events, which are leading global causes of mortality.
- An aging global population necessitates early identification of individuals at risk for accelerated vascular damage to enhance primary prevention strategies.
- Understanding interindividual differences in age-dependent functional decline (biological aging) is crucial for developing interventions that extend health span and lifespan.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on biological age biomarkers.
- To discuss factors influencing biological aging.
- To summarize anti-aging interventions, focusing on vascular aging and its cardiovascular manifestations.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of experimental models and human studies.
- Synthesis of current knowledge on hallmark aging processes.
- Focus on vascular aspects and cardiovascular disease manifestations.
Main Results:
- Identified 9 interconnected hallmark processes driving mammalian aging.
- Highlighted the importance of biological aging in functional decline.
- Emphasized the link between aging, vascular damage, and cardiovascular disease.
Conclusions:
- Biological age biomarkers are essential for identifying individuals at high risk of accelerated vascular damage.
- Understanding biological aging is key to developing effective anti-aging interventions.
- Targeting vascular aspects of aging can reduce the impact of age-related cardiovascular disease.
Abstract:
Aging is the main risk factor for vascular disease and ensuing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, the leading causes of death worldwide. In a progressively aging population, it is essential to develop early-life biomarkers that efficiently identify individuals who are at high risk of developing accelerated vascular damage, with the ultimate goal of improving primary prevention and reducing the health care and socioeconomic impact of age-related cardiovascular disease. Studies in experimental models and humans have identified 9 highly interconnected hallmark processes driving mammalian aging. However, strategies to extend health span and life span require understanding of interindividual differences in age-dependent functional decline, known as biological aging. This review summarizes the current knowledge on biological age biomarkers, factors influencing biological aging, and antiaging interventions, with a focus on vascular aspects of the aging process and its cardiovascular disease related manifestations.
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