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Bio-Based Epoxy Shape-Memory Thermosets from Triglycidyl Phloroglucinol.

David Santiago1,2, Dailyn Guzmán1, Francesc Ferrando2

  • 1Eurecat-Chemical Technologies Unit, c/Marcel·lí Domingo 2, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.

Polymers
|March 6, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Bio-based epoxy shape-memory polymers were developed using triglycidyl phloroglucinol (3EPOPh) as a sustainable alternative to Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA). These novel polymers exhibit excellent shape-memory properties and good mechanical performance.

Keywords:
bio-polymersepoxyrenewable resourcesshape-memory polymers

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Sustainable Materials

Background:

  • Epoxy thermosets are widely used but often derived from non-renewable resources like Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA).
  • Developing bio-based alternatives with comparable or superior properties is crucial for sustainable materials development.
  • Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) offer unique functionalities for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel bio-based epoxy shape-memory thermosetting polymers.
  • To evaluate the performance of these polymers as a sustainable alternative to DGEBA-based systems.
  • To investigate the influence of bio-based monomers on network structure and shape-memory behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of epoxy monomers from triglycidyl phloroglucinol (3EPOPh) and trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether (TPTE).
  • Curing process monitoring using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
  • Material characterization via DSC, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), stress-strain tests, and microindentation.
  • Evaluation of shape-memory properties under free and constrained conditions.

Main Results:

  • 3EPOPh-based polymers exhibited higher reactivity, crosslinking density, and glass transition temperatures compared to DGEBA.
  • Partial substitution with TPTE enhanced molecular mobility without compromising thermal stability.
  • The synthesized shape-memory polymers demonstrated excellent shape-fixation and shape-recovery (>90%), fast recovery rates, and high recovery stress (up to 7 MPa).

Conclusions:

  • Triglycidyl phloroglucinol is a viable, eco-friendly precursor for high-performance thermosetting shape-memory polymers.
  • These bio-based epoxy SMPs offer a sustainable and effective alternative to conventional DGEBA-based materials.
  • The developed materials show significant potential for applications requiring advanced shape-memory functionalities.