Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Stroke Volume01:27

Regulation of Stroke Volume

4.5K
The regulation of stroke volume, which is the amount of blood the heart pumps out during each heartbeat, is critical for maintaining a healthy circulatory system. Stroke volume is influenced by three main factors: preload, contractility, and afterload.
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...
4.5K
Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume01:11

Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume

4.2K
Cardiac output (CO) is an integral aspect of human physiology, reflecting the heart's efficiency and responsiveness to the body's needs. It represents the volume of blood that the left or right ventricle ejects into the aorta or pulmonary trunk each minute. The CO is calculated by multiplying the heart rate (HR)—the number of heartbeats per minute—by the stroke volume (SV)—the amount of blood pumped out with each heartbeat.
In an average resting adult male, the typical cardiac...
4.2K
Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output01:22

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

2.8K
Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...
2.8K
Specialized Characteristics of Cardiac Muscles01:27

Specialized Characteristics of Cardiac Muscles

3.8K
The primary role of cardiac muscles is to propel blood throughout the cardiovascular system. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, exhibit specialized characteristics that allow them to perform this function.
Cardiac muscle cells are smaller than skeletal muscles, averaging 10–20 mm in diameter and 50–100 mm in length. However, they have large energy demands for continuous contraction and relaxation. This energy is almost exclusively derived from aerobic metabolism of energy...
3.8K
Body Water Content and Fluid Compartments01:19

Body Water Content and Fluid Compartments

3.8K
Life's biochemical processes occur within aqueous solutions. Solutes are substances that are dissolved within these solutions. The human body contains a variety of solutes, which can differ across various body parts. These can encompass proteins—such as those responsible for clotting and carbohydrate transport—as well as electrolytes. In medicine, an electrolyte is often described as a mineral ion derived from a salt possessing an electric charge. Examples include sodium ions...
3.8K
Relative Motion Analysis - Velocity01:24

Relative Motion Analysis - Velocity

632
A stroke engine has a slider-crank mechanism that converts rotational motion from the crank into linear motion of the slider or vice versa. This mechanism consists of three main parts: the crank, the connecting rod, and the slider.
When an external force is exerted, it sets the crank into a rotational movement. This, in turn, instigates the motion of the connecting rod, leading to what is referred to as a general plane motion. This process involves two key points - point A on the connecting rod...
632

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Application of Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Sports Injuries and Customizing Personalized Prevention Strategies: A Scoping Review.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Test-retest reliability and sensitivity of horizontal jump inter-limb asymmetry in youth soccer players across maturity stages.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Impact of competitive anxiety on mood, sleep, and physical activity levels in young Tunisian karate athletes: A multidimensional prospective observational study.

Medicine·2026
Same author

Effects of a ChatGPT-generated eccentric training programme on speed, change of direction, agility, and jumping performance in U14 tennis players: A non-randomised controlled study.

Journal of sports sciences·2026
Same author

Effects of Combined Nordic Hamstring and Speed Deceleration Training on Measures of Physical Fitness in Male Youth Soccer Players.

Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology·2026
Same author

Exploring the effects of combined Nordic and reverse Nordic hamstring exercises on physical fitness in prepubertal male soccer players.

Frontiers in sports and active living·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 27, 2025

Swimming Performance Assessment in Fishes
05:12

Swimming Performance Assessment in Fishes

Published on: May 20, 2011

25.9K

Key somatic variables associated with, and differences between the 4 swimming strokes.

Alan M Nevill1, Yassine Negra2, Tony D Myers3

  • 1Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK.

Journal of Sports Sciences
|March 6, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals key body characteristics for all swimmers, like lower body fat and broader shoulders. It also identifies specific traits, such as longer backs for backstroke, aiding talent identification in competitive swimming.

Keywords:
Swim speedallometric modelslimb dimensionslog-linear regressionratiostalent identification

More Related Videos

Activity of Posterior Lateral Line Afferent Neurons during Swimming in Zebrafish
10:34

Activity of Posterior Lateral Line Afferent Neurons during Swimming in Zebrafish

Published on: February 10, 2021

4.1K
Automated Analysis of C. elegans Swim Behavior Using CeleST Software
08:47

Automated Analysis of C. elegans Swim Behavior Using CeleST Software

Published on: December 7, 2016

13.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 27, 2025

Swimming Performance Assessment in Fishes
05:12

Swimming Performance Assessment in Fishes

Published on: May 20, 2011

25.9K
Activity of Posterior Lateral Line Afferent Neurons during Swimming in Zebrafish
10:34

Activity of Posterior Lateral Line Afferent Neurons during Swimming in Zebrafish

Published on: February 10, 2021

4.1K
Automated Analysis of C. elegans Swim Behavior Using CeleST Software
08:47

Automated Analysis of C. elegans Swim Behavior Using CeleST Software

Published on: December 7, 2016

13.2K

Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Human Physiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Understanding the relationship between anthropometric characteristics and swimming performance is crucial for talent identification.
  • Previous research has explored various physical attributes but often lacks stroke-specific analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify common somatic and demographic characteristics beneficial for all swimmers.
  • To determine stroke-specific characteristics that enhance performance in individual swimming strokes.
  • To inform talent identification and swimmer development strategies.

Main Methods:

  • A multiplicative, allometric regression model was employed to analyze data from 363 competitive swimmers.
  • Backward elimination was used to refine the regression model.
  • Stroke-by-predictor variable interactions were analyzed to identify stroke-specific characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Seven common characteristics benefit all swimmers, including lower body fat, broad shoulders/hips, longer arm span, shorter lower arms, greater forearm girth, and smaller relaxed arm girth.
  • Stroke-specific findings include longer backs benefiting backstroke swimmers and greater lower leg muscularity benefiting butterfly swimmers.

Conclusions:

  • Somatic and demographic characteristics play a significant role in swimming speed across different strokes.
  • Tailoring stroke selection based on individual physical attributes can optimize swimmer potential.
  • These findings support evidence-based talent identification in competitive swimming.