Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 27, 2025

Desthiobiotin-Streptavidin-Affinity Mediated Purification of RNA-Interacting Proteins in Mesothelioma Cells
11:11

Desthiobiotin-Streptavidin-Affinity Mediated Purification of RNA-Interacting Proteins in Mesothelioma Cells

Published on: April 25, 2018

8.5K

ADAR2 Regulates Malignant Behaviour of Mesothelioma Cells Independent of RNA-editing Activity

Ken-Ichiro Sakata1, Kojiro Maeda2, Nozomi Sakurai2

  • 1Department of Oral Diagnosis and Oral Medicine, Division of Oral Pathobiological Science, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.

Anticancer Research
|March 6, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 2 (ADAR2) enhances malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cell characteristics. This enhancement by ADAR2 is independent of its RNA-editing activity, suggesting a novel therapeutic target for this intractable cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a challenging cancer with poorly understood causes of malignant transformation.
  • Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) enzymes, specifically ADAR1 and ADAR2, are implicated in RNA editing and potentially in cancer development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific roles of ADAR1 and ADAR2 in the malignant behavior of MPM cells.
  • To determine if ADAR2's impact on MPM is linked to its RNA-editing function.

Main Methods:

  • Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting ADAR1 and ADAR2 were used to modulate their expression in MPM cells.
  • ADAR2 variants with impaired RNA-binding and enzymatic activity were overexpressed to assess their effects.

Main Results:

  • Suppression of ADAR2, but not ADAR1, using siRNAs significantly reduced MPM cell proliferation, motility, and invasiveness.
  • Overexpression of a non-RNA-binding ADAR2 mutant suppressed MPM cell growth, motility, and invasion.
  • Overexpression of ADAR2 lacking enzymatic activity did not alter the malignant properties of MPM cells.

Conclusions:

  • ADAR2 plays a critical role in promoting the malignant characteristics of MPM cells.
  • The oncogenic function of ADAR2 in MPM is independent of its RNA-editing activity, highlighting a non-canonical mechanism.
Keywords:
A-to-I RNA editingADARmesothelioma cells

More Related Videos

Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells11:42

Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells

Published on: April 7, 2017

9.8K
Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos07:24

Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos

Published on: December 13, 2018

6.8K

Related Concept Videos

Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
5.0K
RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
9.7K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
4.5K
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
7.6K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
3.6K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
23.8K