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Materials as Machines.

Joselle M McCracken1, Brian R Donovan1, Timothy J White1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|March 6, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Responsive materials are integrated into machines to enable advanced robotic functions like gripping and movement. This review covers material mechanisms, designs, and robotic applications for enhanced machine capabilities.

Keywords:
actuatorsliquid crystalline elastomersroboticsshape memory alloysstimuli-responsive materials

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics and Materials Science
  • Integration of responsive materials into machine systems
  • Development of advanced actuators and mechanisms

Background:

  • Machines traditionally rely on integrating materials with mechanisms for function.
  • Responsive materials offer a new paradigm for designing and synthesizing machines.
  • Key considerations include response time, cyclability, and performance in extreme environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the integration of responsive materials for robotic functions.
  • To summarize material transformation mechanisms, mechanical design, and robotic integration.
  • To explore applications in gripping, lifting, and motility.

Main Methods:

  • Review of responsive materials including SMAs, piezoelectrics, DEAs, IEAPs, SMPs, hydrogels, LCEs, and LCNs.
  • Analysis of material transformation mechanisms and mechanical design.
  • Examination of structural and geometrical fabrication techniques.

Main Results:

  • Responsive materials enable robotic functions such as gripping, lifting, and locomotion.
  • Various material forms (wires, films, printed elements) offer differentiated mechanical responses.
  • Successful integration depends on factors like response time, cyclability, and autonomy.

Conclusions:

  • Responsive materials are crucial for next-generation machines and robots.
  • Material design and fabrication significantly influence machine performance.
  • This field holds potential for creating autonomous and highly functional machines.