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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
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Author Spotlight: Combining Proximity Ligand Assay with Gamma-H2AX Staining to Characterize Protein Interactions in DNA Damage Response
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Alternative Splicing and DNA Damage Response in Plants.

Barbara Anna Nimeth1, Stefan Riegler1, Maria Kalyna1

  • 1Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|March 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Plants utilize alternative splicing (AS) to manage DNA damage response (DDR). This study explores how AS regulates DDR pathways in plants, crucial for development and stress adaptation.

Keywords:
ArabidopsisDNA damage responseDNA repairalternative splicingplantsplicing factorstress

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Plants face DNA damage from environmental stresses and internal processes.
  • DNA damage detection, signaling, and repair are vital for plant survival.
  • Alternative splicing (AS) is a key gene expression regulator, influencing protein diversity and abundance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of alternative splicing in the DNA damage response (DDR) in plants.
  • To bridge the knowledge gap regarding AS regulation of DDR in plants, contrasting with established roles in animals.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on AS and DDR in plants.
  • Analysis of current findings on the interplay between AS mechanisms and DDR pathways.

Main Results:

  • Alternative splicing significantly impacts proteome versatility and protein availability in plants.
  • Emerging evidence suggests AS plays a crucial role in the DNA damage response (DDR) in plants, similar to its function in animals.
  • The regulation of DDR by AS in plants is an understudied but critical area.

Conclusions:

  • Alternative splicing is a key regulatory mechanism in plant DNA damage response.
  • Further research into AS-DDR interplay is essential for understanding plant stress resilience and development.