Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 27, 2025

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
07:37

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

Published on: June 6, 2025

889

Long non-coding RNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 regulates rheumatoid arthritis by targeting

Ming Li1, Nana Wang1, Zilong Shen1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.

Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology
|March 7, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Long non-coding RNA GAS5 is reduced in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and may target HIPK2 to inhibit inflammation. Methylation inhibition of GAS5 shows potential for RA therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FSs) are crucial in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis.
  • No effective treatments currently exist for RA.
  • Long non-coding RNA Growth Arrest-Specific Transcript 5 (GAS5) is a known tumor suppressor, but its role in RA is unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the expression and function of GAS5 in RA.
  • Test the hypothesis that GAS5 inhibits FSs proliferation and inflammation in RA.

Main Methods:

  • Examined GAS5 expression in synovial tissues and FSs from RA patients and normal individuals.
  • Assessed the impact of GAS5 overexpression on HIPK2, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels.
  • Analyzed GAS5 promoter methylation in RA tissues using methylation-specific PCR.
  • Evaluated the effect of a methylation inhibitor (5-azadC) on GAS5 methylation and HIPK2 expression.

Main Results:

  • GAS5 expression was significantly reduced in RA synovial tissues and FSs.
  • HIPK2 expression was elevated in RA tissues, inversely correlating with GAS5 levels.
  • Overexpression of GAS5 decreased HIPK2, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels.
  • GAS5 promoter hypermethylation was observed in RA tissues and FSs.

Conclusions:

  • GAS5 expression is downregulated in RA, potentially due to promoter hypermethylation.
  • GAS5 may regulate RA by targeting HIPK2, thereby modulating inflammatory responses.
  • Restoring GAS5 expression or inhibiting its methylation could offer a novel therapeutic strategy for RA.

More Related Videos

Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Immunoblot Analysis of Endogenous IRF5 Dimerization08:57

Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Immunoblot Analysis of Endogenous IRF5 Dimerization

Published on: October 6, 2019

10.6K
Prediction and Validation of Gene Regulatory Elements Activated During Retinoic Acid Induced Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation09:07

Prediction and Validation of Gene Regulatory Elements Activated During Retinoic Acid Induced Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation

Published on: June 21, 2016

8.5K

Related Concept Videos

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
11.6K
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
7.2K
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
9.6K
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
15.2K
Small GTPases - Ras and Rho01:24

Small GTPases - Ras and Rho

Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
5.1K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
18.2K