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A Proposal for Clinical Biomarkers in Multiple Chemical Sensitivity
M Vadalà1, C Laurino1, V Corazzari2
1Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialties, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Medical School, Surgical Clinic, Italy - Second Opinion Medical Network, Modena, Italy.
La Clinica Terapeutica
|March 7, 2020
Summary
Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a widespread chronic illness triggered by low-level chemical exposures. This study explores its causes and proposes a multi-level diagnostic approach to aid clinicians.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Immunology
- Neurology
Background:
- Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a prevalent, debilitating chronic disease characterized by recurring symptoms across multiple organ systems upon exposure to common chemicals at low concentrations.
- Despite decades of research, the underlying mechanisms of MCS remain poorly understood, leading to patient marginalization and symptom trivialization.
- The condition significantly impacts patients' daily lives and survival, highlighting the urgent need for better recognition and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current theories on the etiopathogenesis of MCS, including genetic, immunological, neurological, and psychiatric factors.
- To discuss emerging biochemical markers and diagnostic imaging techniques that may aid in the clinical-diagnostic hypothesis of MCS.
- To propose a novel four-level diagnostic testing strategy for MCS.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific studies on MCS etiopathogenesis and diagnostic biomarkers.
- Examination of genetic susceptibility, immunological, neurological, and psychiatric contributing factors.
- Proposal of a multi-level diagnostic framework incorporating serological parameters, imaging, genetic testing, and clinical observation.
Main Results:
- Current understanding of MCS mechanisms remains incomplete, with multiple contributing factors proposed.
- Several biochemical markers and imaging techniques show potential for aiding MCS diagnosis, though no specific markers are established.
- A four-level diagnostic approach is suggested to assist clinicians in identifying MCS.
Conclusions:
- MCS is a complex, widespread disease requiring further research into its mechanisms and improved diagnostic methods.
- The proposed multi-level testing strategy offers a structured approach to aid clinicians in diagnosing MCS.
- Enhanced diagnostic tools and biomarker identification are crucial for improving the clinical management and recognition of MCS.
