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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
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Anatomy of the Intestines01:23

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Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
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Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 27, 2025

Video Imaging and Spatiotemporal Maps to Analyze Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice
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Video Imaging and Spatiotemporal Maps to Analyze Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice

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[Microbiome and psychiatry: autism as an example].

G M Marijnissen, R D Zwittink, E J Kuijper

    Tijdschrift Voor Psychiatrie
    |March 7, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    The gut microbiome influences behavior and psychiatric disorders, including autism. While research is growing, more studies are needed to confirm microbiome-based diagnostic and therapeutic applications in psychiatry.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiome research
    • Psychiatric disorders
    • Autism Spectrum Disorder

    Background:

    • The microbiome significantly impacts medicine, with growing interest in its role in psychiatric disorders' pathogenesis and treatment.
    • Patients and families increasingly inquire about microbiome-related therapies.
    • Understanding the microbiome-behavior connection is crucial for advancing psychiatric care.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review current knowledge on the microbiome's relationship with behavior and psychiatric disorders.
    • To specifically examine the link between the microbiome and autism spectrum disorder.

    Main Methods:

    • A narrative literature review was conducted.
    • Searches were performed in PubMed and PsycInfo databases.
    • Keywords included microbiota, microbiome, mental disorders, psychiatric disorder, and autism spectrum disorder.

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    Intracerebroventricular Delivery of Gut-Derived Microbial Metabolites in Freely Moving Mice
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    Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
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    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Dec 27, 2025

    Video Imaging and Spatiotemporal Maps to Analyze Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice
    07:41

    Video Imaging and Spatiotemporal Maps to Analyze Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice

    Published on: February 3, 2016

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    Intracerebroventricular Delivery of Gut-Derived Microbial Metabolites in Freely Moving Mice
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    Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
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    Published on: October 15, 2019

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    Main Results:

    • A substantial body of research highlights the bidirectional relationship between gut microbiota composition and behavior.
    • Gut microbiome composition influences human behavior through complex biological pathways.
    • Evidence from placebo-controlled trials on microbiome interventions remains limited.

    Conclusions:

    • Definitive conclusions regarding microbiome-based diagnosis and therapy for psychiatric disorders are premature.
    • Further scientific research is essential to elucidate these connections.
    • The critical role of microbiota in host biochemical homeostasis is becoming increasingly evident.