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Automotive 3.0 µm Pixel High Dynamic Range Sensor with LED Flicker Mitigation.

Minseok Oh1, Sergey Velichko2, Scott Johnson2

  • 1ON Semiconductor, Santa Clara, CA 95954, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 8, 2020
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Summary

This study details a high dynamic range (HDR) image sensor with LED flicker mitigation (LFM) for automotive use. It addresses dark current and non-uniformity to ensure high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at 120°C.

Keywords:
CMOSLED flicker mitigationautomotivehigh dynamic rangeimage sensorquantum efficiencysensitivitytemperature dependence

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Semiconductor device physics

Background:

  • Automotive image sensors require high dynamic range (HDR) and LED flicker mitigation (LFM).
  • Performance degradation due to dark current (DC) and dark signal non-uniformity (DSNU) at high temperatures (up to 120°C) is a critical challenge.
  • Backside illuminated (BSI) sensors are increasingly used in automotive applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present and analyze parameters of an HDR image sensor with LFM for automotive applications.
  • To investigate methods for reducing dark current (DC) and dark signal non-uniformity (DSNU) to maintain signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at elevated temperatures.
  • To characterize the temperature dependencies of key pixel parameters like quantum efficiency (QE) and sensitivity.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of a high dynamic range (HDR) image sensor with LED flicker mitigation (LFM).
  • Measurement of dark current (DC) and dark signal non-uniformity (DSNU) at temperatures up to 120°C.
  • Analysis of temperature effects on quantum efficiency (QE), sensitivity, and color accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Achieved reduction in dark current (DC) and dark signal non-uniformity (DSNU) to meet SNR requirements at 120°C.
  • Observed a few percent increase in sensitivity in the visual spectrum and a 1.46x increase at 940 nm at 120°C compared to room temperature.
  • Quantified minor color shifts at high temperatures, which are visually subtle and correctable via auto white balancing and color correction.

Conclusions:

  • The developed HDR image sensor with LFM demonstrates robust performance in automotive temperature ranges.
  • Effective mitigation of dark current and DSNU ensures adequate SNR for high-temperature operation.
  • Temperature-induced color shifts are minimal and manageable, ensuring overall image quality.