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Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation BiFC Assay for Protein-Protein Interaction in Onion Cells Using the Helios Gene Gun
Published on: June 12, 2010
Potential function of CbuSPL and gene encoding its interacting protein during flowering in Catalpa bungei
Zhi Wang1, Tianqing Zhu1, Wenjun Ma1
1Present address: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China.
Background:
"Bairihua", a variety of the Catalpa bungei, has a large amount of flowers and a long flowering period which make it an excellent material for flowering researches in trees. SPL is one of the hub genes that regulate both flowering transition and development.
Results:
SPL homologues CbuSPL9 was cloned using degenerate primers with RACE. Expression studies during flowering transition in "Bairihua" and ectopic expression in Arabidopsis showed that CbuSPL9 was functional similarly with its Arabidopsis homologues. In the next step, we used Y2H to identify the proteins that could interact with CbuSPL9. HMGA, an architectural transcriptional factor, was identified and cloned for further research. BiFC and BLI showed that CbuSPL9 could form a heterodimer with CbuHMGA in the nucleus. The expression analysis showed that CbuHMGA had a similar expression trend to that of CbuSPL9 during flowering in "Bairihua". Intriguingly, ectopic expression of CbuHMGA in Arabidopsis would lead to aberrant flowers, but did not effect flowering time.
Conclusions:
Our results implied a novel pathway that CbuSPL9 regulated flowering development, but not flowering transition, with the participation of CbuHMGA. Further investments need to be done to verify the details of this pathway.
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