Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Localization Signals and Import01:46

Nuclear Localization Signals and Import

7.4K
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry short stretches of amino acid sequences called the nuclear localization signal or NLS. Classical nuclear localization signals are of two types: monopartite and bipartite NLS. Monopartite classical NLS (cNLS) consists of a single cluster of 4-8 amino acids. Bipartite cNLS consists of two clusters of  2-3 amino acids and a 9-12 residue long proline-rich linker bridging the two clusters. Signal clusters are rich in positively charged amino acids such as...
7.4K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

13.0K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
13.0K
Nuclear Export01:42

Nuclear Export

4.7K
The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
4.7K
Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

6.1K
Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
6.1K
Directionality of Nuclear Transport01:42

Directionality of Nuclear Transport

4.4K
Ras-related nuclear protein or Ran is a small G protein that cycles between its GTP and GDP bound states. Ran specific regulators, a Ran GTPase Activating Protein or RanGAP present in the cytosol and a Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor or RanGEF present inside the nucleus regulate GTP/GDP exchange. A high concentration of GTP inside the cells, in addition to this asymmetric distribution of  Ran-specific regulators, leads to a higher RanGTP concentration inside the nucleus. This...
4.4K
Translation01:31

Translation

154.7K
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
154.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Harmonizing standards and resources for the medical genome.

Nature·2026
Same author

Directed evolution of compact RNA-guided nucleases for enhanced activity in mammalian cells.

Genome biology·2026
Same author

A three-groups non-local model for combining heterogeneous data sources to identify genes associated with Parkinson's disease.

Biometrics·2026
Same author

Polyadenylation of insulin mRNA by Tent5a regulates pancreatic beta cells.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Arrayed dual-gRNA CRISPR screening platform for <i>C9orf72</i> repeat expansion excision in patient iPSCs.

Molecular therapy. Advances·2026
Same author

Comparative analysis of NSG and NBSGW mice for preclinical evaluation of gene-modified human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.

Stem cell research & therapy·2026
Same journal

Daily briefing: 'Cyborg' cockroaches breathe underwater with printed suit.

Nature·2026
Same journal

China boosts prestigious grants for young scientists - will it ease competition?

Nature·2026
Same journal

Incoming US science academy chief vows to 'double down' on research.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Author Correction: Synthesis of enantioenriched atropisomers by biocatalytic deracemization.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Electrodeposited self-assembled molecules for perovskite photovoltaics.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Neutrino's nursery found: the 'Shadow Blaster'.

Nature·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Assay to Measure Nucleocytoplasmic Transport in Real Time within Motor Neuron-like NSC-34 Cells
08:53

Assay to Measure Nucleocytoplasmic Transport in Real Time within Motor Neuron-like NSC-34 Cells

Published on: May 16, 2017

9.1K

Author Correction: SLC19A1 transports immunoreactive cyclic dinucleotides.

Rutger D Luteijn1, Shivam A Zaver2, Benjamin G Gowen3,4

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, and Cancer Research Laboratory, Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.

Nature
|March 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study has a published amendment. Please refer to the link at the top of the paper for the updated information and revised findings.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carrier Transporters Using Codon-Optimized Genes
07:10

Author Spotlight: Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carrier Transporters Using Codon-Optimized Genes

Published on: September 29, 2023

4.2K
In Situ Detection of Ribonucleoprotein Complex Assembly in the C. elegans Germline using Proximity Ligation Assay
08:56

In Situ Detection of Ribonucleoprotein Complex Assembly in the C. elegans Germline using Proximity Ligation Assay

Published on: May 5, 2020

6.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Assay to Measure Nucleocytoplasmic Transport in Real Time within Motor Neuron-like NSC-34 Cells
08:53

Assay to Measure Nucleocytoplasmic Transport in Real Time within Motor Neuron-like NSC-34 Cells

Published on: May 16, 2017

9.1K
Author Spotlight: Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carrier Transporters Using Codon-Optimized Genes
07:10

Author Spotlight: Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carrier Transporters Using Codon-Optimized Genes

Published on: September 29, 2023

4.2K
In Situ Detection of Ribonucleoprotein Complex Assembly in the C. elegans Germline using Proximity Ligation Assay
08:56

In Situ Detection of Ribonucleoprotein Complex Assembly in the C. elegans Germline using Proximity Ligation Assay

Published on: May 5, 2020

6.2K

Area of Science:

  • This research falls under the field of [Specify Field Here].

Background:

  • The existing literature on [Topic] presents several gaps.
  • Previous studies have limitations in [Specify Limitation].

Purpose of the Study:

  • This paper aims to address the limitations in [Specify Limitation].
  • The objective is to provide new insights into [Topic].

Main Methods:

  • The study employed [Specify Method 1].
  • Data was collected using [Specify Method 2].

Main Results:

  • Preliminary findings indicate [Specify Finding 1].
  • Further analysis revealed [Specify Finding 2].

Conclusions:

  • The results suggest a need for [Specify Action].
  • Future research should focus on [Specify Future Research Area].