Different osteogenic differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells on three different polymeric substrates

The function of tissue cells is strongly depends on the extracellular matrix (ECM) that can guide and support cell structure. This support plays a crucial role in the process of cell proliferation and differentiation. Herein, three different nanofibrous scaffolds that are highly attractive for tissue engineering were selected and then osteogenic related genes and protein expression patterns of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) were investigated when grown on substrates. Polycaprolactone, Poly (L-lactic acid) and Polyvinylidene-fluoride nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated using Electrospinning method and then AT-MSCs viability and osteogenic differentiation were evaluated while cultured on them. The highest AT-MSCs survival rate when grown on the scaffolds was detected when grown on Polyvinylidene-fluoride. In addition, the highest ALP activity and mineralization were also observed in differentiated AT-MSCs has grown on Polyvinylidene-fluoride. The expression levels of Runx2, osteonectin and osteocalcin genes and osteocalcin protein in the AT-MSCs has grown on the Polyvinylidene-fluoride were also significantly higher than the rest of the scaffolds. Based on the results, it seems that since the studied substrate have a similar structural characteristics, their nature may have an important role in the stem cell's osteogenesis process, where the Polyvinylidene-fluoride piezoelectricity was a most distinguished characteristic.