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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

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A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
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Containing 2019-nCoV (Wuhan) coronavirus.

Edward H Kaplan1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models the effectiveness of isolation and quarantine strategies for controlling the spread of novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) during the early stages of an outbreak. Probability models assess containment effectiveness when vaccines are unavailable.

Keywords:
ContainmentCoronavirusIsolationProbability modelingQuarantine

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Mathematical Modeling

Background:

  • The novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019.
  • Initial cases were linked to the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market, but person-to-person transmission is confirmed.
  • A vaccine is not expected for at least a year, necessitating containment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present probability models for assessing containment strategies.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of case isolation and quarantine in the initial phase of an outbreak.
  • To use early Wuhan data for model illustration.

Main Methods:

  • Development of probability models.
  • Assessment of isolation and quarantine effectiveness.
  • Application of models to early Wuhan outbreak data.

Main Results:

  • The study provides a framework for quantifying the impact of isolation and quarantine on disease transmission.
  • Model illustrations demonstrate the potential effectiveness of these containment measures.
  • Early Wuhan data provides context for the model's applicability.

Conclusions:

  • Isolation of known cases and quarantine of high-risk individuals are crucial for controlling early-stage outbreaks.
  • Mathematical modeling can inform public health interventions when facing novel infectious diseases.
  • Containment strategies are vital in the absence of vaccines.