Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

727
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
727
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

759
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
759
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

6.1K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
6.1K
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

510
Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
510
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

786
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
786
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

587
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
587

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The evolving therapeutic landscape of gut-pancreatic peptide signalling in metabolic disorders: from mono- to multi-agonist therapies.

Bioscience reports·2026
Same author

Acute Effects of Cannabinoid Combination Therapies in a Western Diet-Induced Murine Model of Metabolic Liver Disease.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Targeting the LPI/GPR55 Axis in MAFLD and MASH: Novel Insights, Therapeutic Strategies and Future Directions.

Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·2026
Same author

Characterization of rice straw ash: microstructural, compositional, phase identification, and thermal analyses of waste generated from biomass-based power plant.

Environmental science and pollution research international·2025
Same author

Efficacy and safety of a 3-day once-daily regimen of oral nafithromycin in comparison to oral moxifloxacin for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adults: a phase III, randomized, double-blind controlled trial.

The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia·2025
Same author

Cannabidiol Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Olsalazine and Cyclosporine in a Murine Model of Colitis.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Sustained Administration of β-cell Mitogens to Intact Mouse Islets Ex Vivo Using Biodegradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microspheres
09:31

Sustained Administration of β-cell Mitogens to Intact Mouse Islets Ex Vivo Using Biodegradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microspheres

Published on: November 5, 2016

7.6K

Glucagon-based therapy: Past, present and future.

Mohan Patil1, Nitin J Deshmukh1, Mahesh Patel2

  • 1Diabetes Research Lab, New Drug Discovery, Wockhardt Research Centre, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.

Peptides
|March 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glucagon, a pancreatic hormone, shows dual effects in treating hypoglycemia and diabesity. Emerging glucagon-based therapies are being developed to manage these conditions and related complications.

Keywords:
DiabesityGLP-1/glucagon co-agonistGLP-1R/GCGR/GIPR tri-agonistGlucagon analoguessGlucagon antagonistHypoglycaemia

More Related Videos

Measuring Relative Insulin Secretion using a Co-Secreted Luciferase Surrogate
05:58

Measuring Relative Insulin Secretion using a Co-Secreted Luciferase Surrogate

Published on: June 25, 2019

7.8K
Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

19.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Sustained Administration of β-cell Mitogens to Intact Mouse Islets Ex Vivo Using Biodegradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microspheres
09:31

Sustained Administration of β-cell Mitogens to Intact Mouse Islets Ex Vivo Using Biodegradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microspheres

Published on: November 5, 2016

7.6K
Measuring Relative Insulin Secretion using a Co-Secreted Luciferase Surrogate
05:58

Measuring Relative Insulin Secretion using a Co-Secreted Luciferase Surrogate

Published on: June 25, 2019

7.8K
Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

19.2K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Diabesity and its cardio-hepato-renal complications pose a global health challenge.
  • Glucagon is traditionally used for hypoglycemia but exhibits pleiotropic effects relevant to diabesity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent advancements in glucagon-mediated effects.
  • To provide an overview of emerging glucagon-based therapies for diabesity and related conditions.
  • To discuss future perspectives in glucagon signaling research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pharmacological approaches targeting glucagon signaling.
  • Exploration of stable glucagon formulations/analogues.
  • Investigation of glucagon receptor antagonism and agonism.
  • Analysis of incretin poly-agonism strategies.

Main Results:

  • Glucagon's dual role in managing hypoglycemia and diabesity is increasingly recognized.
  • Various drug candidates modifying glucagon signaling have been identified.
  • Several glucagon-based therapies are in pre-clinical and clinical development.

Conclusions:

  • Glucagon signaling offers a promising therapeutic target for diabesity and associated complications.
  • Further research into glucagon-based therapies holds potential for novel treatment strategies.
  • Understanding glucagon's pleiotropic effects is key to developing effective interventions.