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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

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The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
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Sutures of the Skull01:22

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The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
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Overview of the Skull01:08

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The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
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Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

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The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
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Cranial and Spinal Meninges01:19

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The cranial and spinal meninges are complex protective structures surrounding the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. These meninges consist of the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. They protect the CNS, provide structural support, and aid in circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Cranial Meninges
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Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

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Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
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Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
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Skull Base Parachordoma/Myoepithelioma.

Catherine de Cates1, Daniele Borsetto1, Daniel Scoffings2

  • 1Department of ENT, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

The Journal of International Advanced Otology
|March 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Parachordoma, a rare soft tissue tumor, is usually slow-growing. This report details the first skull base parachordoma case in a 15-year-old, successfully treated with excision and showing no recurrence.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Parachordoma is a rare, slow-growing soft tissue tumor often associated with soft tissue myoepithelioma.
  • While generally less aggressive, parachordomas can sporadically recur and rarely metastasize.
  • Histological diagnosis is definitive, with wide local excision being the standard treatment.

Observation:

  • This case presents the first reported instance of a parachordoma occurring at the skull base.
  • The patient was a 15-year-old boy diagnosed with skull base parachordoma.
  • The tumor was managed surgically via a wide local excision.

Findings:

  • The patient underwent successful wide local excision of the skull base parachordoma.
  • Following a 24-month follow-up period, there were no signs of tumor recurrence.
  • No evidence of metastasis was observed during the follow-up period.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the successful surgical management of a rare skull base parachordoma.
  • It supports wide local excision as an effective treatment for skull base parachordoma.
  • Long-term follow-up is crucial for monitoring potential recurrence or metastasis of parachordoma.