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Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Isolation of Exosome-Enriched Extracellular Vesicles Carrying Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor from Embryonic Stem Cells
Published on: November 11, 2021
Exosomes take (germinal) center stage
Jennifer Pérez-Boza1, Dirk M Pegtel1
1Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Efficient antibody production is a crucial step during immune responses leading to pathogen clearance and neutralization. Immune synapses, contact points between T and B lymphocytes in the presence of an antigen, are necessary to initiate the proliferation and differentiation of B cells in the germinal center. In this issue of EMBO Reports, Fernández-Messina et al [1] present evidence of microRNA transfer from T to B cells via exosomes during synapse formation and highlight the crucial role of these exosomes for germinal center formation and the efficient production of antigen-specific antibodies.
Efficient antibody production is a crucial step during immune responses leading to pathogen clearance and neutralization. Immune synapses, contact points between T and B lymphocytes in the presence of an antigen, are necessary to initiate the proliferation and differentiation of B cells in the germinal center. In this issue of EMBO Reports, Fernández-Messina et al [1] present evidence of microRNA transfer from T to B cells via exosomes during synapse formation and highlight the crucial role of these exosomes for germinal center formation and the efficient production of antigen-specific antibodies.
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