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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

A Mouse Model of Orthopedic Surgery to Study Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Tissue Regeneration

A Mouse Model of Orthopedic Surgery to Study Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Tissue Regeneration

Published on: February 27, 2018

Does Postoperative Cognitive Decline Result in New Disability After Surgery?

Stacie Deiner^1,2,3, Xiaoyu Liu⁴, Hung-Mo Lin⁴

¹Department of Anesthesiology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.

Annals of Surgery

|March 10, 2020

Summary

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) significantly increases the risk of new daily living impairments in older adults after surgery. Patients with POCD experienced twice the rate of new disability, highlighting the need for improved patient awareness and screening.

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Area of Science:

Geriatric Medicine
Neuroscience
Surgical Outcomes

Background:

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) affects approximately 15% of older adults within 3 months of surgery.
POCD is characterized by a decline in neuropsychiatric test scores from presurgical baselines.
The impact of POCD on patient function and daily living remains a critical research question.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if POCD is associated with new disability after major noncardiac surgery.
To evaluate the impact of POCD on patient-centered outcomes, specifically functional abilities.

Main Methods:

A prospective cohort study involving 167 older adults undergoing major noncardiac surgery.
Neuropsychiatric testing, daily living assessments (ADLs/IADLs), pain, and depression screening were conducted preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively.
Data on surgical factors, complications, and hospital stay were systematically recorded.

Main Results:

Patients with POCD (14.1%) showed a significantly higher proportion of new impairment in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) compared to those without POCD (57% vs. 27%, P=.01).
Common areas of functional decline included social activities, memory, shopping, transportation, and housework.
Predictors of postsurgical IADL decline included POCD, baseline cognition, presurgical function, and postoperative complications.

Conclusions:

Patients with POCD face a substantially higher incidence of new disability post-surgery.
Presurgical cognitive and functional limitations are risk factors for developing new disability.
Informing patients about their risk for postsurgical disability is crucial for medical decision-making.