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Melinjo seed extract increases adiponectin multimerization in physiological and pathological conditions.

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Melinjo seed extract (MSE) may improve obesity by increasing adiponectin (APN) multimerization, particularly high molecular weight (HMW) APN, through disulfide bond A oxidoreductase-like protein (DsbA-L) induction. This effect was observed in both healthy volunteers and obese mice.

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic Health
  • Nutraceuticals
  • Obesity Research

Background:

  • Melinjo seed extract (MSE) contains polyphenols with potential anti-obesity effects.
  • Clinical evidence and mechanisms for MSE's anti-obesity effects are lacking.
  • Adiponectin (APN) multimerization, regulated by disulfide bond A oxidoreductase-like protein (DsbA-L), is crucial for metabolic health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-obesity effects of MSE supplementation.
  • To determine if MSE increases APN multimerization via DsbA-L up-regulation.
  • To examine MSE's effects under both physiological and obese conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 42 healthy volunteers (14 days).
  • Administration of MSE (150 or 300 mg/day) or placebo.
  • Administration of MSE (500 or 1000 mg/kg/day) to high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice (4 weeks).

Main Results:

  • MSE 300 mg/day increased the ratio of high molecular weight (HMW)/total APN in humans, linked to DsbA-L.
  • MSE's APN-boosting effect was more pronounced in specific DsbA-L genotypes.
  • MSE suppressed metabolic abnormalities in HFD mice, increasing total and HMW APN and ADIPOQ/DsbA-L mRNA.

Conclusions:

  • MSE may exert beneficial anti-obesity effects by promoting APN multimerization.
  • DsbA-L induction appears to be a key mechanism for MSE's effects.
  • MSE shows potential for improving metabolic health in both physiological and obese states.