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Three-dimensional genome: developmental technologies and applications in precision medicine.
Yingqi Li1, Tao Tao2, Likun Du3
1Marine Medical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang (GDZJMMRI), Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
Journal of Human Genetics
|March 11, 2020
Summary
Three-dimensional (3D) genomics reveals the intricate genome structure and its role in gene regulation. This field, using technologies like Hi-C, advances understanding of development, disease, and precision medicine.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Molecular Biology
- Epigenetics
Background:
- The 20th century focused on DNA's double helix structure, with limited understanding of higher-order genome organization and transcriptional regulation.
- Technical limitations previously hindered detailed analysis of the genome's fine structure and its regulatory mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce the emerging field of three-dimensional (3D) genomics, focusing on eukaryotic genome structure and transcriptional regulation.
- To review key technologies, recent advancements, disease associations, and applications of 3D genomics in medicine.
Main Methods:
- Overview of major 3D genomics techniques, including the Hi-C and CHIA-PET series.
- Discussion of the characteristics and applications of these advanced genomic technologies.
Main Results:
- 3D genomics provides insights into DNA's basic structure, organismal development, and disease pathogenesis.
- Current research explores the latest developments in 3D genome structure and its relationship with diseases.
Conclusions:
- 3D genomics is crucial for understanding fundamental biological processes and disease mechanisms.
- Applications in precision medicine and the development of the 4D nucleome project highlight the field's future potential.
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