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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

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The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
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Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
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Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Lymphocyte Isolation from Human Skin for Phenotypic Analysis and Ex Vivo Cell Culture
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Lymphocyte Isolation from Human Skin for Phenotypic Analysis and Ex Vivo Cell Culture

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Innate Lymphocytes in Psoriasis.

Barbara Polese1, Hualin Zhang1, Bavanitha Thurairajah1

  • 1Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Frontiers in Immunology
|March 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Skin barrier immune cells, including innate lymphocytes and lymphoid cells, play a key role in psoriasis. Understanding these cells and their functions can lead to targeted therapies for this chronic inflammatory skin disease.

Keywords:
diseaseinnatelymphocytepsoriasisskin

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The skin acts as a crucial barrier against pathogens, involving keratinocytes and immune cells.
  • Dysfunctional immune responses in the skin can lead to chronic inflammatory conditions like psoriasis.
  • Animal models have identified the interleukin-23/interleukin-17 (IL-23/IL-17) axis as central to psoriasis pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diversity of innate lymphocytes and lymphoid cells in mammalian skin.
  • To focus on alpha-beta T cells, Natural Killer T cells, and Innate Lymphoid cells.
  • To discuss the roles of these leukocyte subsets in psoriasis development and progression.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on skin immunology and psoriasis.
  • Analysis of studies on innate and adaptive immune cell populations in skin.
  • Examination of the functions of specific leukocyte subsets in psoriasiform inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Skin harbors diverse populations of innate lymphocytes and lymphoid cells, including long-lived, resident populations in psoriatic lesions.
  • These cells, alongside alpha-beta T cells, contribute to psoriasis pathogenesis.
  • Innate lymphoid cells and other unique leukocyte subsets have overlapping and distinct functions relevant to the disease.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the diverse innate immune cells in skin is crucial for comprehending psoriasis.
  • Targeted therapies aimed at these unique leukocyte subsets could offer new treatment strategies for psoriasis.
  • Further research into these cells bridging innate and adaptive immunity may mitigate disease progression.