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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry01:07

Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry

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This lesson delves into the geometry of a radical, which is influenced by the electronic structure of the molecule. The principle is similar to that of a lone pair, where the unpaired electron influences the geometry at the radical center.
Accordingly, the structure of a trivalent radical lies between the geometries of carbocations and carbanions. An sp2-hybridized carbocation is trigonal planar, while an sp3-hybridized carbanion is trigonal pyramidal. Here, the difference in geometry is...
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Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

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Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
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Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

3.6K
Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
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Morphological Evolution of Two-Dimensional Porous Hexagonal Trimesic Acid Framework.

Srinu Tothadi1, Kalipada Koner2, Kaushik Dey2

  • 1Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|March 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Trimesic acid (TMA) Form II hexagonal crystals transform into hollow tubes, enhancing Rhodamine B dye adsorption. This study reveals a strong crystal structure-morphology correlation for improved material applications.

Keywords:
dye adsorptionhollow hexagonal rodhydrogen-bonded organic frameworkmorphology evaluationtrimesic acid

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Trimesic acid (TMA) exists in different crystalline forms, including interpenetrated Form I and hexagonal Form II.
  • Understanding the relationship between crystal structure and material morphology is crucial for designing functional materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize the hexagonal single crystal structure (Form II) of TMA.
  • To investigate the transformation between TMA crystal forms and their corresponding morphologies.
  • To evaluate the dye adsorption capabilities of the novel hollow hexagonal tubes.

Main Methods:

  • Solvent-mediated transformation of TMA crystal forms (Form I to Form II).
  • Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) for time-dependent morphological studies.
  • Rhodamine B dye adsorption experiments to assess material performance.

Main Results:

  • Hexagonal Form II of TMA was successfully isolated.
  • A direct correlation between crystal structure and external morphology was established, with Form II exhibiting a hollow hexagonal tube structure.
  • The hollow TMA tubes demonstrated significantly higher Rhodamine B dye adsorption (82%) compared to Form I (39%) due to inherent pore channels.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully correlated TMA crystal structures with their morphologies, yielding hollow hexagonal tubes.
  • These novel structures exhibit enhanced adsorption properties, making them promising for applications in pollutant removal.