Animal Use in Neurobiological Research

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Comparative Biology
• Animal Models

Background:

• Neurobiological research heavily depends on laboratory-reared rodents.
• Historical trends show a significant reduction in species diversity in neuroscience research since World War II.
• A pronounced shift towards using only mice (Mus musculus) and rats (Rattus norvegicus) is evident.

Purpose of the Study:

• To broadly discuss the reliance on rodents in neurobiological research.
• To highlight the evolution of animal species usage in neuroscience over time.
• To present the advantages of increased species diversity and disadvantages of a narrow focus on mice and rats.

Main Methods:

• Review of scientific publications and historical data on animal species usage in neuroscience.
• Analysis of trends in species selection from post-World War II to recent investigations.
• Comparative assessment of the utility of diverse species versus limited rodent models.

Main Results:

• A dramatic reduction in species diversity within neuroscience research has occurred.
• The mouse and rat have become the predominant species, limiting research scope.
• This narrow focus presents significant challenges for developing novel therapies for neuropsychiatric disorders.

Conclusions:

• The over-reliance on a limited number of rodent species in neuroscience research is problematic.
• Greater species diversity is advantageous for advancing our understanding of the nervous system.
• Expanding the range of animal models is crucial for overcoming limitations in treating neuropsychiatric diseases.