[A Case of Colitic Cancer with Ulcerative Colitis Emphasizing the Importance of Surveillance]

The patient was a 77-year-old woman who visited our hospital with a chief complaint of blood in the stool. The patient had a colonoscopy 2 years earlier, which led to suspicions of total colitis-type ulcerative colitis(UC). However, the histological findings did not lead to a definitive diagnosis. Upon the withdrawal of urine in an outpatient visit, fecaluria was noted. Based on various examinations, we diagnosed this patient with Rs, cT4b(bladder), cN0, cM0 adenocarcinoma. We then performed Hartmann operation with partial cystectomy. The pathological findings indicated colorectal cancer with ulcerative colitis (CAC)(low grade and high grade dysplasia and carcinoma). Postoperative examinations of the oral side of the colon revealed a flat squamous elevated lesion in the ascending colon, which was diagnosed as adenocarcinoma. Therefore, we waited for the improvement of performance status and performed additional total colectomy with resection of the anus and ileostomy. We experienced a case of progressive CAC due to the difficulty of histological diagnosis via biopsy and a lack of appropriate surveillance post clinical suspicions. In cases of colitis-type UC, appropriate surveillance by endoscopists and pathologists is important.