Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Chromosome Structure

Chromosome Structure

Chromosome Structure

Chromosome Structure

A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...

Karyotyping

Karyotyping

Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene Chromosomes

Genome Annotation and Assembly

Genome Annotation and Assembly

The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.

Duplication of Chromatin Structure

Duplication of Chromatin Structure

The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A genomic and epigenomic view of human centromeres.

Nature reviews. Genetics·2026

Same author

Complete genomic and epigenetic maps of human centromeres.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2022

Same author

The complete sequence of a human genome.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2022

Same author

Expanding studies of chromosome structure and function in the era of T2T genomics.

Human molecular genetics·2021

Same author

Telomere-to-telomere assembly of a complete human X chromosome.

Nature·2020

Same author

Going the distance: Neocentromeres make long-range contacts with heterochromatin.

The Journal of cell biology·2018

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Hi-C: A Method to Study the Three-dimensional Architecture of Genomes.

Hi-C: A Method to Study the Three-dimensional Architecture of Genomes.

Published on: May 6, 2010

A sampling of methods to study chromosome and genome structure and function

Beth A Sullivan¹

¹Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Division of Human Genetics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. beth.sullivan@duke.edu.

Chromosome Research : an International Journal on the Molecular, Supramolecular and Evolutionary Aspects of Chromosome Biology

|March 12, 2020

Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates

Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates

Published on: May 12, 2023

3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells

3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells

Published on: January 25, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Hi-C: A Method to Study the Three-dimensional Architecture of Genomes.

Hi-C: A Method to Study the Three-dimensional Architecture of Genomes.

Published on: May 6, 2010

Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates

Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates

Published on: May 12, 2023

3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells

3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells

Published on: January 25, 2020