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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

A Mouse Model of Lumbar Spine Instability
Published on: April 23, 2021
Interactions between the MMP-3 gene rs591058 polymorphism and occupational risk factors contribute to the increased
Yongjun Luo1, Jiaxing Wang1, Jie Pei2
1Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Objective:
Lumbar disk herniation (LDH) is a complex condition based on lumbar disk degeneration (LDD). Previous studies have shown that genetic factors are highly associated with the severity and risk for LDH. This case-control study was aimed to evaluate the association between the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 gene rs591058 C/T polymorphism and LDH risk in a southern Chinese population.
Methods:
A total of 231 LDH patients and 312 healthy controls were recruited in this study. Genotyping was analyzed using a standard polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).
Results:
It was observed that TT genotype or T allele carriers of the MMP-3 gene rs591058 C/T polymorphism was more likely associated with an increased risk for LDH. Subgroup analyses showed the following characteristics increased the risk for LDH: female sex; cigarette smoking; and alcohol consumption. Furthermore, individuals with high whole body vibration, bending/twisting, and lifting were associated with an increased risk for LDH.
Conclusion:
Taken together, these data indicated that the MMP-3 gene rs591058 C/T polymorphism was associated with an increased risk for LDH. The MMP-3 gene rs591058 C/T polymorphism might serve as a clinical indicator and marker for LDH risk in the Chinese population.
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