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Population-Based Estimation of the Preterm Birth Rate in Lilongwe, Malawi: Making Every Birth Count

Kathleen M Antony1,2,3, Peter N Kazembe4, Ryan M Pace1,5

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.

AJP Reports
|March 12, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Preterm birth (PTB) rates in Malawi are alarmingly high, with 19.3% of births being preterm. This study highlights prevalent risk factors and comorbid conditions associated with PTB in the Lilongwe region.

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Preterm birth (PTB) is a significant global health challenge.
  • Accurate population-based PTB rates are crucial for targeted interventions.
  • Limited data exists on PTB rates in many low-income settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the population-based preterm birth (PTB) rate in the Lilongwe, Malawi region.
  • To identify associated risk factors and comorbid conditions in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based study was conducted in a 50km radius around Lilongwe, Malawi.
  • Data collection spanned from December 1, 2012, to May 19, 2015.
  • Collaboration with obstetricians, community health workers, midwives, and clinicians ensured comprehensive data capture.

Main Results:

  • A total of 14,792 births were recorded.
  • The preterm birth (PTB) rate was 19.3%, including early neonatal deaths.
  • High prevalence of PTB risk factors such as domestic violence, HIV, malaria, anemia, and malnutrition was observed.

Conclusions:

  • The estimated 19.3% preterm birth (PTB) rate in the Lilongwe region is among the highest globally.
  • This high rate is exacerbated by prevalent risk factors and comorbid conditions.
  • The study underscores the urgent need for improved maternal and neonatal care in the region.

Keywords:
Malawiglobalglobal healthmaternal healthpreterm birth

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