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Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses
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Risk Indicators for Hearing Impairment in Neonates.

Megha M Panjiyar1,2, Samir K Bhargava1,2, Vinod Gite3

  • 11Otolaryngology, HBT Medical College and Dr. R N Cooper Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai, India.

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
|March 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated hearing impairment in high-risk newborns, finding a higher prevalence linked to specific birth risk factors. Early screening is crucial for identifying profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in neonates.

Keywords:
Cost effective screeningHearing impairmentHigh risk neonatesProfound SNHLRisk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal care
  • Audiology
  • Public health

Background:

  • Hearing impairment is a significant concern in newborns.
  • Identifying risk factors in high-risk neonates is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the relationship between the prevalence of hearing impairment and birth-related risk factors in high-risk neonates.
  • To analyze the distribution of hearing impairment across various neonatal risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study was conducted over one year.
  • 410 high-risk neonates admitted to the NICU were screened for hearing impairment.
  • Skew analysis and Cramer's Moment Coefficient were used to assess the prevalence distribution.

Main Results:

  • Five out of 410 screened neonates were diagnosed with profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL).
  • The prevalence of SNHL showed an uneven distribution across risk factors, indicating a higher incidence in high-risk infants.
  • A sample skewness value of -0.81 suggested moderate concentration of SNHL cases among neonates with higher risk scores.

Conclusions:

  • High-risk neonates exhibit a notable prevalence of hearing impairment.
  • Specific birth risk factors are associated with an increased likelihood of profound SNHL.
  • The findings underscore the importance of targeted hearing screening in high-risk neonatal populations.