Enzyme engineering: Reshaping the biocatalytic functions.

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Enzyme engineering offers precise control over enzyme properties like stability, activity, and specificity.
• While immobilization is one method, protein engineering provides a more comprehensive approach, uniquely enabling modulation of specificity and stereoselectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review protein engineering techniques based on enzyme structure-function knowledge.
• To categorize and discuss engineered enzymes according to their applications.
• To highlight the impact of enzyme engineering on industrial and environmental processes.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of protein engineering approaches.
• Analysis of structure-function relationships in enzyme engineering.
• Categorization of engineered enzymes by application.

Main Results:

• Protein engineering is a superior method for altering enzyme specificity and stereoselectivity.
• Various protein engineering strategies exist, tailored to the level of structural and functional understanding.
• Engineered enzymes have demonstrated significant advancements in industrial and environmental applications.

Conclusions:

• Protein engineering is revolutionizing enzyme capabilities, offering tailored solutions for diverse processes.
• Understanding enzyme structure and function is key to successful protein engineering.
• The application of engineered enzymes is expanding, driving innovation in industry and environmental management.