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Can resources save rationality? "Anti-Bayesian" updating in cognition and perception
Eric Mandelbaum1, Isabel Won2, Steven Gross3
1Baruch College, CUNY Graduate Center, Department of Philosophy, New York, NY10016emandelbaum@gc.cuny.eduhttp://ericmandelbaum.com.
The Behavioral and Brain Sciences
|March 12, 2020
Summary
Resource rationality may explain some reasoning errors. This study explores if it can also explain anti-Bayesian effects like belief polarization and the size-weight illusion.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Decision Science
- Behavioral Economics
Background:
- Resource rationality theory posits that reasoning is optimized given cognitive constraints.
- However, some cognitive phenomena, termed 'anti-Bayesian' effects, involve updating beliefs in a direction opposite to evidence.
- Existing explanations for these effects are limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate whether resource rationality can accommodate anti-Bayesian cognitive phenomena.
- To examine belief polarization and the size-weight illusion within the framework of resource rationality.
- To assess the explanatory power of resource rationality beyond performance limitations.
Main Methods:
- Conceptual analysis of resource rationality theory.
- Review and re-evaluation of existing literature on belief polarization and the size-weight illusion.
- Exploration of potential extensions or modifications to resource rationality to account for observed effects.
Main Results:
- Belief polarization and the size-weight illusion present challenges to standard resource rationality explanations.
- These phenomena may not be solely attributable to performance or resource constraints.
- The concept of 'reference repulsion' offers a partial but incomplete explanation.
Conclusions:
- Resource rationality may require refinement to fully encompass anti-Bayesian reasoning patterns.
- Further theoretical development is needed to explain phenomena where updating occurs contrary to evidence.
- Understanding these effects is crucial for a comprehensive model of human judgment and decision-making.
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