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Related Concept Videos

RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

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The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
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RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

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Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
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Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
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RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Nucleic acids02:43

Nucleic acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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RNA Secondary Structure Prediction Using High-throughput SHAPE
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RNA Secondary Structure Prediction Using High-throughput SHAPE

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Designing RNA Secondary Structures Is Hard.

Édouard Bonnet1, Paweł Rzążewski2,3, Florian Sikora4

  • 1Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LIP UMR5668, Lyon, France.

Journal of Computational Biology : a Journal of Computational Molecular Cell Biology
|March 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequences and their secondary structures. It focuses on the fundamental algorithmic problems associated with RNA folding and base pairing.

Keywords:
NP-completenessRNA designRNA design extension

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Area of Science:

  • Bioinformatics
  • Computational Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequences are fundamental molecules composed of four bases.
  • RNA molecules fold into complex secondary structures critical for their function.
  • Understanding these structures involves analyzing base pairing patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and address the core algorithmic challenges in RNA sequence analysis.
  • To provide a foundation for computational approaches to RNA structure prediction.
  • To explore the relationship between RNA sequence and its folded structure.

Main Methods:

  • Algorithmic analysis of RNA sequences.
  • Modeling of base pairing interactions.
  • Computational approaches to secondary structure determination.

Main Results:

  • Formalization of key problems in RNA secondary structure prediction.
  • Identification of computational complexities in RNA folding.
  • Development of frameworks for analyzing RNA sequence-structure relationships.

Conclusions:

  • The study establishes foundational algorithmic problems in RNA research.
  • Efficient solutions for these problems are crucial for advancing RNA bioinformatics.
  • Computational methods are essential for deciphering RNA secondary structures.