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Updated: Dec 26, 2025
13:42
Clinical Examination Protocol to Detect Atypical and Classical Scrapie in Sheep
Published on: January 19, 2014
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Streptococcus caledonicus sp. nov., isolated from sheep.
Geoffrey Foster1, Miranda Kirchner2, Jakub Muchowski2
1SRUC Veterinary Services, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness IV2 5NA, UK.
Summary
A novel bacterial species, Streptococcus caledonicus, was identified in sheep from Scotland. This Gram-positive coccus represents a new species within the Streptococcus genus, distinct from known species.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Bacteriology
- Taxonomy
Background:
- Unidentified Gram-positive, catalase-negative, chain-forming cocci were isolated from sheep in Scotland.
- Initial phenotypic and biochemical assessments suggested a potential Streptococcus species, but it did not match any known species.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize and classify the unidentified bacterial isolates.
- To determine if the isolates represent a novel species within the Streptococcus genus.
Main Methods:
- Phenotypic and biochemical characterization.
- Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
- Whole-genome sequencing for average nucleotide identity (ANI) and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH).
Main Results:
- 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated high relatedness among strains and placement within the Streptococcus genus, with ~97% nucleotide identity to existing species.
- ANI and in silico DDH values were below established thresholds for species delineation, suggesting a novel species.
- The closest related species were Streptococcus hillyeri and Streptococcus porci.
Conclusions:
- The isolates represent a novel species within the genus Streptococcus.
- The new species is proposed as Streptococcus caledonicus sp. nov.
- The type strain is S784/96/1T=CCUG 73951T=NCTC 14363T.
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